More from Math Visualization
Other simulators in this category — or see all 78.
Linear Regression: OLS, Ridge, Lasso & R²
Click/drag scatter points; fit y = β₀ + β₁x with OLS, Ridge (L2 on slope), or Lasso (L1 on slope). Spike Δy on the largest |x| point to see outlier sensitivity; compare SSE and R².
K-Means Clustering (Lloyd)
Click to add points, choose k, randomize centroids, then step Lloyd iterations (assign to nearest centroid, update means). Optional Gaussian-mixture demo; watch within-cluster SSE decrease.
DBSCAN Density Clustering
Sliders for ε and minPts on a click-built point set: core / border / noise coloring, optional ε-disks around cores, demo with scattered outliers.
PCA in 2D (principal components & 1D projection)
Click-built cloud: covariance eigenvectors as PC1/PC2 arrows from the mean, optional orthogonal drops to the PC1 line, and a bottom strip of PC1 scores — the standard rank-one projection coordinate.
Decision Tree Classifier (2D toy)
Greedy axis-aligned splits on a click-labeled scatter: compare **Gini** vs **entropy** impurity, max depth, and min-samples-per-leaf; shaded rectangles show leaf decisions, dashed lines show recursive partitions.
Toy 2-Layer MLP + Backprop (XOR / spiral)
Click-labeled 2D data; **tanh** hidden layer + **logistic** output trained by **full-batch** gradient descent on **binary cross-entropy**. Heatmap shows **P(class 1)** evolving across epoch blocks — watch the **0.5 decision contour** wrap XOR or untangle spirals.