Newton's Cradle

Interactive simulation — adjust parameters and watch the visualization update in real time.

Live graphs

How it works

Newton’s cradle idealizes equal masses in a line with elastic impacts. In 1D, two equal spheres in a head-on elastic collision exchange velocities. Here a small chain propagates that impulse; light damping models air and hinge losses so motion eventually stops.

Key equations

Elastic, equal masses: v₁′ = v₂,   v₂′ = v₁ (head-on)
p = Σ mᵢvᵢ   conserved in elastic collisions